Automatic electrical regulator.



No. 767,703. PATENTED AUG. 16, 1904. E. LEVISON.

AUTOMATIC ELECTRICAL REGULATOR.

APPLICATION FILED, JAN. 18, 1904.

NO MODEL. 2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

L l? g No. 767,703. PATENTED AUG. 16, 1904. E. LEVISON.

AUTOMATIC ELECTRICAL REGULATOR. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 18, 1904.

N0 MODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2v llllllllllF mnuumrmmmmmmmmmu? v 1 D3 6 H, B D3 HT J- 2 5 7 D [NVE/VTOR No. 767,703. Patented August 16, 1904.

UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

EMANUEL LEVISON. OF MANSFIELD, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE PHOENIX ELECTRIC MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF MANSFIELD, OHIO, A OOR- PORATION OF WEST VIRGINIA.

AUTOMATIC ELECTRICAL REGULATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 767,703, dated August 16, 1904.

Application filed January 18, 1904. Serial No. 189,476 (No model.)

T all whom it y 6071687771! lator comprises an electromagnet A, having a Beitknown that I, EMANUEL LEvIsoN,a citicompound winding comprising a shunt-coil B Zen of the United States. residing at Mansand a series coil O. This shunt-coil is confield, in the county of Richland, State of Ohio, nected by lines B in the usual manner across 5 haveinvented certain new and usefulImprovethe brushes B of the motor. The shunt-coil ments in Automatic Electrical Regulators, of is preferably formed ofa large number of fincwhich the following is a specification, referwire windings, while the series coil is comence being had therein to the accompanying posed of a lesser number of heavier windings; 55 drawings. but a number of small wires connected'in par- Io This invention relates to an automatic elecallel with one another, making an equivalent trical regulator, and particularly to means for sectional area and connected in series with the cutting in or out electric circuits in starting a armature-winding of the motor or other cirmotor or generator. cuits to be cut out, would produce the same 60 The invention has for an object to provide a result as the series coil.

I5 compound winding upon a magnet actuating Referring to Fig. 1, it will be seen that the aregulatorhavingashunt-coilin circuit witha shunt-windings 13* upon the poles B of the motor and series coil in circuit with independmotor there shown are connected with one side ent circuits or windings to be cutout and with of the shunt-line B by a line B and in series 5 a line-Wire. with each other by connections B, while the A further object of the invention is to proopposite shunt-line B is connected with the vide an improved construction of the regularegulator by a line B The series coil O is tor or cut-out, whereby the compound wind connected with the line-wires by a line C and ing thereon is adapted to actuate a series of with the shunt-line by the line B In Figs. 1 7 armatures, so as to successively attract the and 2 this connection O is shown as extending 2 5 same and establish a series of circuits. from a terminal post O on the head-plate O Other and further objects and advantages of the magnet and by line C to the first of the will be hereinafter set forth and the novel series on starter-coils O carried by the armafeatures thereof specifically defined by the apture of the motor, which are adapted to be 75 pended claims. cut out one by one. These coils are connect- In the drawings, Figurelis adiagram showed together by lines O", and branch lines O ing a four-arm regulator with connection for O and O extend therefrom to the contactcutting out coils in a self-starting motor. Fig. posts D, D, and D respectively. The circuit 2 is a similar view of a modified application of from the last starter-coil O is carried by a line 0 the invention for cutting out resistance on a O into the line-wire E, which is also con- 3 5 plain shunt-motor. Fig. 3 is aperspective of nected by branch line E with the last of the the regulator or cut-out. Fig. 4 is a detail shunt-coils B on the motor. A line E exelevation of one of the armatures. Fig. 5 is a tends from the line-wire E to the contact-post vertical section through the regulator, show- D The service-line wires E extend thence 8 5 ing circuit connections; and Fig. 6 is a similar through a suitable switch E. In this arrange- 4 view showing a modified application of the ment as the switch is closed the current enters compound winding. the armature of the motor, and as the differ- Like letters of reference indicate like parts ence of the potential is very low at the brushes 1n the several figures of the drawings. or the point of connection of the shuntw1nd 9 Referring to Fig. 1, letter A designates a ing of the regulator the latter takes very little cut-out or regulator which may be of any decurrent; but as the motor starts to rotate and sired construction. but a preferred form theregenerates a counter electromotive force the of Will be hereinafter described. This regudifference of potential increases at the brushes the armatures thereto are successively attracted accordingto the acceleration of speed. As each armature is attracted it makes connection whichcontrols a coil, as shown in Fig. 1, or a resistance, as shown in Fig. 2, as the motor speeds up. The series coil on the regulatormagnet is not energized to its full strength immediately upon closure of the circuit because of inductive reactions in the motor, and so does not greatly afl'ect the action of said magnet when the motor is started under light loads; but if the load upon the motor is heavy and the motor does not start immediately upon the closure of the main switch on account of insufliciency of current the inductive reactions in the motor are not continued for any length of time and the series coil on the regulatormagnet becomes strong enough to pull in the armatures one by one until suflicient current is admitted to the motor to causeit to start, and from this time on the action is as above described for light loads.

The same general arrangement of parts and circuits are shown in Fig. 2 as have been described in connection with Fig. 1, with the eX- ception that the motor F there shown is shuntwound and has no starting-coils thereon, while instead of the latter a series of resistances F are provided and connected to the regulator, as described in connection with a series of starting-coils in Fig. 1.

The preferred form of the regulator or cutout shown in Figs. 3, 5, and 6 comprises the compound winding B and C, forming the mag.

base pole-faces Gr are provided. The head Gr may be formed of conducting material and is adapted to convey a current from the line (3* to the terminal C of the series coil G and also to convey current through the series of armatures G which are pivotally mounted. at the sides of the head, as shown at G, and provided with blocks or faces G adapted to be attracted toward the magnet-poles G and G when the coils are energized. The lower ends of the armatures are provided with a contactpoint G, held in any desired manner-for instance, by means of the split clamp G This contact-point G on each armature is adapted to cooperate with a contact H, carried by a post or clamp H, one of which is in circuit with each of thelines D, D, D and D so that when the armature is attracted toward the magnet and contact made circuit will be established through these lines. For thepurpose of successively attracting these armatures relative to the increasing strength of the magnet they are disposed at difiierent distances from the pole-face of the magnet, so that air-gaps of different lengths will be pronet.

vided and the armatures adapted to respond 5 to different strengths of the actuating-mag- For the purpose of restoring these armatures or retracting them from the magnet any desired means may be used. For instance, weights H may be disposed upon the inwardly-extending arms H of the armatures and the travel thereof determined by an adjusting-screw H held in position by locknuts H and H.

In the modified form of the regulator shown in Fig. 6 the parts are similar in construction to those described, with the exception that the shunt-winding I: of small wire, directly surrounds the core G, while the series winding I, of larger wire,- extends circumferentially of the shunt-coil. In the present illustration of the regulator four armatures have been shown; but it will be apparent that the number thereof may be varied in accordance with the number of circuits to be controlled thereby.

The operation of the several parts of the Y invention will be clearly understood from the foregoingdescription, and it is only necessary to state that the action of the cut-out 1s to cut out or make any desired'electrical connection in a resistance-bank, the coils of a motor, or the circuits of the motor by which its speed is controlled. As the line-switch is closed the current from the service-line passes through the motor; but owing to the diflerence of potential, which is very low at the brushes or point of connection of the shuntwinding for the regulator, the latter takes very little current. As the armature of the motor starts to rotate it generates a counter electromotive force and the difference of potential at the brushes increases, so as to energize the magnet in the cut-out, which attracts its armatures in succession, according to the acceleration of the speed of the motor. As each armature is attracted successively it establishes circuit by its contact, which thereby controls a resistance or coil and the motor thus increases in speed. The armatures are set at different distances relative to the pole piece or pieces of the magnet, and each act accordingly as the air-gap is long or short and relative to the strength of the magnet. This produces an even starting of the motor andprotects same against careless handling, while the motor is sure to start regardless of the load and will carry heavy overloads with comparatively low voltage. It has been proven in tests to start four hundred and five hundred per cent. overloads on normal voltage of the motor, bringing same up to speed by cutting in at successive steps. It has also been found that seventy-five per cent. overload may be started on voltage twenty-five per cent. below normal. The compound winding controls the load as the latter is placed on the motor, and the series coil strengthens sired circuits or field-coils in the motor.

It will be obvious that changes maybe made in the details of construction and configuration without departing from the spirit of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Having described my invention and set forth its merits, what I desire to claim and secure by Letters Patent is l. A compound-wound regulator-magnet having a coil in shunt to a motor-armature and a coil in series with said armature and with a series of resistances, and a plurality of magnet-armatures controlling said resistances.

2. The combination with a motor having shunt-coils and series starter-coils thereon, of a regulator-magnet having a coil in shunt to the armature of the motor, and a series coil in circuit with the series starter-coils of the motor.

3. The combination with a motor having sh unt-coils and series starter-coils thereon, of a regulator-magnet having a coil in shunt to the armature of the motor and a series coil in circuit with the series starter-coils of the motor, and means controlled by said magnet for controlling each of said starter-coils.

4E. The combination withamotor, of a series circuit comprising a plurality of parts to control the starting thereof, a regulator-magnet having a coil in shunt to said motor and series coil in circuit with said starting-circuit, and means controlled by said magnet for independently controlling each part of the series startercircuit.

5. A regulator-magnet comprising a core having a shunt-coil thereon, an independent series coil cooperating with the shunt-coil, a plurality of armatures carried by one pole of said magnet, and a plurality of pole-faces to attract said armatures.

6. A regulator-magnet having a compound winding, a head-plate carried by the pole of said magnet, a plurality of armatures pivoted to said plate, and a circuit-contact carried by each of said armatures.

7. A regulator-magnet having a compound winding, a head-plate carried by the pole of said magnet, a plurality of armatures pivoted to said plate, a circuit-contact carried by each of said armatures, and a pole-piece carried by the magnet from which the armatures are at different distances.

8. A regulator-magnet having a compound winding, a head-plate carried by the pole of said magnet, a plurality of armatures pivoted to saidplate, a circuit-contact carried by each of said armatures, a pole-piece carried by the magnet from which the armatures are at different distances, and means carried by the armatures for adjusting the same relative to the magnet-poles.

9. A regulator-magnet having a compound winding, a head-plate carried by the pole of said magnet, a plurality of armatures pivoted to said plate, a circuit-contact carried by each of said armatures, a pole-piece carried by the magnet from which the armatures are at different distances, means carried by the armatures for adjusting the same relative to the magnet-poles, and means for restoring said armatures to their position-away from said poles.

10. Aregulatormagnethavinga compound winding, a head-plate carried by the pole of said magnet, a plurality of armatures pivoted to said plate, a circuit-contact carried by each of said armatures, a pole-piece carried by the magnet from which the armatures are at different distances, means carried by the armatures for adjusting the same relative to the magnet-poles, means for restoring said armatures to their positions away from said poles, a resistance to be controlled by said armatures, and posts connected to points in said resistance to be controlled and adapted to contact with the armatures when the latter are attracted by the magnet.

11. A regulator-magnet having a compound shunt and series winding about its core, aheadplate carried by said core and having depending pole-pieces therefrom, a base carried by the core and provided with pole-pieces at opposite sides, armatures pivotally mounted upon said head-plate and provided with blocks opposite said pole-pieces, and circuit-contacts carried by said armatures.

12. A regulatormagnet having a compound shunt and series winding about its core, a headplate carried by said core and having depending pole-pieces therefrom, a base carried by the core and provided with pole-pieces at opposite sides, armatures pivotally mounted upon said head-plate and provided with blocks opposite said pole-pieces, circuit-contacts car-' ried by said armatures, arms carried by the upper ends of said armatures and extending above the head-plate, and adjusting-screws mounted in said arms to Vary the distance of the armatures from the pole-pieces.

13. Aregulator-magnethavingacompound shunt and series winding about its core, aheadplate carried by said core and having depending pole-pieces therefrom, a base carried by the core and providedwith pole-pieces at opposite sides, armatures pivotally mounted upon said head-plate and provided with blocks In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two wltnesses.

EMANUEL LEVISON.

WVitnesses:

HOYT FORD, JACOB R. RYDER. 

